Electric hydraulic power steering pump

Types of Electric Hydraulic Power Steering Pump

An electric hydraulic power steering pump is used in hydraulic power steering systems to provide steering assistance. Below are the types of electric hydraulic power steering pumps.

• Gear pumps:

  Gear pumps are positive displacement pumps that utilize the meshing of gears to pump fluid by using the volumetric displacement principle. They consist of an inlet port, a discharge port, and a pair of gears that rotate in opposite directions. As the gears rotate, the fluid is trapped in the gear's housing and transported from the pump inlet to the outlet. The continuous rotation of the gears creates a constant flow of fluid, making gear pumps reliable and efficient for hydraulic steering systems. Moreover, gear pumps have relatively simple designs with few moving parts, making them durable and low-maintenance. They are also widely used in various applications, including steering systems, due to their reliability and efficiency in generating hydraulic pressure and flow. However, gear pumps have fixed flow rates determined by their design, limiting their adaptability to varying system demands. Additionally, they may experience wear over time, affecting their performance and requiring maintenance or replacement.

• Vane pumps:

  Vane pumps are a type of rotary pump commonly used in hydraulic power steering systems to generate fluid flow and pressure. They consist of a rotor with multiple vanes and an eccentric cam chamber. As the rotor spins, the vanes slide in and out of their slots, changing volume to trap fluid and transport it from the inlet to the outlet. This sliding action creates a smooth and pulsation-free flow of fluid, making vane pumps suitable for applications requiring precise and stable hydraulic pressure, such as steering systems. Vane pumps also have adjustable displacement mechanisms, allowing the flow rate to be varied according to the system's demands. This feature enhances their adaptability and efficiency in hydraulic power steering systems. Moreover, vane pumps provide stable pressure and flow, minimizing pressure fluctuations and ensuring smooth and consistent steering assistance. This characteristic is particularly beneficial in applications where precise and reliable hydraulic control is essential, such as in power steering systems in vehicles. However, the performance of vane pumps can be affected by factors like fluid viscosity and temperature, requiring careful selection and maintenance of the hydraulic fluid to ensure optimal operation.

• Piston pumps:

  Piston pumps are another common hydraulic pump used in hydraulic power steering systems. They utilize pistons moving back and forth in cylinders to generate fluid flow and pressure. This reciprocating motion creates a variable volume in the pump chamber, drawing fluid into the inlet and pushing it out through the outlet. This mechanism allows piston pumps to produce high pressure and flow rates, making them suitable for various applications requiring precise and reliable hydraulic control, such as steering systems, industrial machinery, and heavy equipment. Additionally, piston pumps offer adjustable flow rates by varying the stroke length or speed of the pistons, enhancing their adaptability to different system demands. Their high efficiency, reliability, and versatility make piston pumps a preferred choice in many hydraulic power steering systems.

Specification and Maintenance of Electric Hydraulic Power Steering Pump

• Regular Inspection

  Check the pump, control unit, and steering gear for signs of wear or damage. Also, inspect the hydraulic lines for leaks, kinks, or other issues that could affect flow. Check the steering fluid level to ensure there are no air bubbles that could cause steering to feel spongy.

• Fluid Replacement

  Replace the fluid according to the manufacturer's schedule. Even if the steering works fine, old fluid can harm the pump over time. Purging helps remove any contaminants that may have entered. Contaminants can include tiny metal shavings from normal wear and tear on the pump or hydraulic lines.

• Filter Maintenance

  Inspect the filter regularly. A clogged filter restricts flow to the steering gear, making the pump work harder. This leads to overheating and premature failure. Replace the filter element per the maintenance schedule. This keeps contaminants out of the fluid, protecting components from damage.

• Electrical Connections

  Check the wiring harness, connectors, and terminals for fraying, corrosion, or loose plugs. Secure all connections tightly to prevent intermittent power issues. Look for signs of moisture that could cause short circuits. Use dielectric grease to protect against dampness near high-current areas.

• Tire Inspection

  Under-inflated or excessively worn tires put extra strain on the steering system. The pump has to work harder to turn the load. Check tires regularly using a tread gauge and air pressure meter. Compare results to the specs listed on the driver's door placard. Maintain tires within those limits for optimal steering assist.

• Load Assessment

  Carrying too much cargo or towing beyond the vehicle's rated capacity stresses the entire truck, including power steering. Research the max loads before transporting anything. If a job requires more than the limits, consider using a different vehicle suited for the task.

• Professional Inspection

  Have a mechanic with specialized tools test the steering assist motor, sensors, and other parts if problems occur. They can pinpoint issues causing inadequate or variable help. Repairs may be complex due to the steering gear's integration with other components. An expert can ensure fixes are done correctly.

How to choose electric hydraulic power steering pumps

When choosing an electric hydraulic power steering pump for resale, consider the following factors:

• Vehicle Compatibility

  Selecting the right pump for a specific vehicle is crucial, as each vehicle requires a pump designed to work with its make and model. When reselling, one should stock up on pumps compatible with popular car brands and models.

• Flow Rate and Pressure Output

  The flow rate and pressure output are essential factors to consider when choosing a steering pump. The flow rate is usually measured in liters per minute (LPM). A higher flow rate results in faster response times, while a lower flow rate causes slower responses. Pressure output, measured in bars (or psi), provides the necessary force to move the steering gear. When selecting a pump, consider the vehicle's requirements for flow rate and pressure output to ensure compatibility.

• Quality and Reliability

  Selecting a pump from a reputable manufacturer known for quality and reliability is essential. The steering system is vital for vehicle safety; thus, the pump must function properly. It's also important to choose a pump with quality and durable materials to withstand wear and tear, thereby increasing the lifespan of the product.

• Installation and Maintenance

  Choosing a pump that is easy to install and maintain is essential. When selecting a pump, consider the required maintenance and how easy it is to perform. This will save time and money in the long run. Additionally, choosing a pump that comes with clear installation instructions and is easy to install is essential, especially when one hires a mechanic to install the pump.

• Cost

  Consider the cost of the electric hydraulic power steering pump. Choosing a pump that fits the budget but also meets the vehicle's requirements is crucial. It's important to note that the most expensive pump is not necessarily the best, so one should shop around and compare different options before purchasing.

• Warranty

  Choosing a pump that comes with a warranty is essential. The warranty protects the investment, as one can return or replace the pump if it becomes faulty. Different pumps have different warranty periods, so choosing a pump with a longer warranty period is vital.

How to DIY and replace electric hydraulic power steering pump

Before any installation, it is important to read the manufacturer's manual and installation instructions. Here are some steps to consider when replacing an electric hydraulic power steering pump.

• Preparation

  Get a replacement pump that is in line with the one that was previously installed. Having the right tools that will be used during the installation process. These tools include wrenches, sockets, screwdrivers, and torque wrench. Preparing the vehicle by parking it on a level ground and engaging the parking brake. Also, disconnecting the battery's negative cable will eliminate any chances of electric power steering pump surge.

• Remove the old pump

  Start by draining the fluid from the reservoir and using a clean container to avoid any chances of contaminating the fluid. After that, use the right tools to remove the bolts that hold the pump in place and disconnect the pump from the pulley. Once the pump has been disconnected from the pulley, remove the pump by sliding it out of the bracket.

• Install the new pump

  Put the new pump into the bracket and connect it to the pulley. After that, using the right tools, secure it into the mounting bracket. Make sure the bolts are tightly fitted to avoid any chances of the pump coming loose. Then, fill the reservoir with the appropriate fluid as indicated by the manufacturer.

• Finishing up

  Once the new pump has been installed successfully, reconnect the battery's negative cable. Then, start the vehicle and turn the steering wheel several times to ensure the fluid circulates. Check for any leaks around the pump and hoses. Take a test drive to ensure the steering feels normal and check again for any leaks or unusual noises.

Q and A

Q1: What are the advantages of the electric hydraulic power steering pump?

A1: The eHPAS has many benefits. For instance, it utilizes less fuel, is less noisy, and has a higher response speed.

Q2: What is the function of the electric power steering pump?

A2: Manual steering was used in early cars to guide them in the desired direction. As cars grew larger and heavier, it became more difficult to steer them. Thus, the power steering was invented. The power steering helps the driver to steer the car in the desired direction with little effort.

Q3: Is the electric power steering pump safe?

A3: Yes, it's good. If properly maintained, any component of a car, including the steering pump, is safe. It is important to have a qualified mechanic check the pump to maintain its safety.